Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft Human

Once upon a time, there was a young European man, whose name was John Murky. He was 30 years old, living in a small village during the 19th century, somewhere in England. He was a farmer, quite the way his fathers were. He was also married to a fairy beautiful woman, whose name was Karla, and fathered a son, Peter.
John used to busy his whole day on the field while Karla managed the kitchen and the house. She was carrying another baby of their love. Peter, 8 years old was the master of chickens and cows, and his haven was among the sheep and goats at their stable or on the field.
It was summer and farmers were harvesting the wheat. John was a farmer. He used to return home after a day of hard labor on the field, which his father left him after he passed away.
The daily doings of a farmer, a housewife and a village boy were all they could busy themselves with. No TV, radio, papers, books, internet, bikes, roller skates, beauty parlors, fashion shows, etc. They just used to spend their Sundays in church and then among their family friends. Peter was good at missionary school. The priest could influence them.
The neighbors were quite busy like all other humans of the green earth. They were at the distance of a garden, wheat or cornfield from each other. So they could see each other, and feel the meaning of a happy family. They were simple in their politics and the personal relations gave meaning to their close distance with the neighbors. Though, they were happy with their neighbors as well. The entire village knew each other and the public sphere was small and friendly.
200 years later, John's grandsons and daughters had their own grandsons and granddaughters fully grown up, well educated, living in towers and flats on the crowded streets of London. The 21st century John was one of these new generations. He had the face of his grand grandfather. He was hard working and busy in his job and studies. He had a car and his habits were watching BBC and reading The Sun. He used to spend his nights in bars and among the friends. Late at night he used to come home with his fairy beautiful partner, Klara. No marriage was better in their philosophy of life. They had agreed to share bed and flat but not their freedom. John used to work on Sundays also. He was 30 years old. He believed in Lord, almighty and the Christ. He tried to respect other faiths, but he was not a practical Protestant. His friends are made on the virtual net. They just used to pop us by the by. Though, they shared their beliefs and good thoughts among friends or on their blogs. John's neighbor had a son. His name was Peter. He was quite busy and attracted to the Playstation. John could hear the noise of the Playstation of Peter every night. Peter didn't know how to make friends with chickens and goats. He was the master of Batman and Spiderman.
Our then and present Johns are of the same blood, but they are different, because the first one lived in a Gemeinschaft era and the modern one lives in a Gesellschaft.
Dear reader, I can't vote for any of them because I love to live in between and have some cultural tips from both. You can better decide which way brings you happiness and prosperity.

Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft are two terms in studying the type of people the media concentrates on; the first one is translated as "community" while the latter as "society-associated". As I have understood, these terms reveal the difference between two stages of communications. Where, people used to live in small groups under the name of family and tribe on the larger scale. The economy in Gemeinschaft era was based on agriculture and political life was completely self-oriented. The personal relations clarified the extent of public participation. One can imagine how a village life was, I think.
On the other hand, as the economy grew and people got richer than before, both in population and wealth, they tried to develop their sphere of activities and their social lives. The industrial and social Renaissance reshuffled the beliefs and the style of living everywhere, no matter what pace it took to reach to the borders of the nations. As I have realized the western countries were privileged to be the first nations to embrace the change. The transfer between Gemeinschaft to Gesellschaft stage brought lots of positive changes to the western human and left the same human in oriental countries untouched!

Man is double

"Man is double. There are two beings in him: an individual being which has its foundation in the organism and the circle of whose activities is therefore strictly limited, and a social being which represents the highest reality in the intellectual and moral order that we can know by observation---I mean society. This duality of our nature has as its consequence in the practical order, the irreducibility of a moral ideal to a utilitarian motive, and in the order of thought, the irreducibility of reason to individual experience. In so far as he belongs to society, the individual transcends himself, both when he thinks and when he acts." - Emile Durkheim.

essential terms used in daily outputs of the newspapers

So far, I used to publish my own diaries but it seems the time to change. However, it's hard to break the ice and start a new series of writings on the net; but as I love journalism thanks to its revealing the truth behind the mask of terms and tactics crafted by the politicians and businessmen, I would try to share with you what I understand in this regard. My posts might be every week or every other week. Therefore I apologize before I ever fail to keep the uploading pace going.
For the time being, seems good if we become acquainted with some essential terms used in daily outputs of the newspapers, websites, blogs and other forms of journalism, and then we go to other approaches and theories applied in this field.
Here we start with 10 essential terms Every Journalist Should Know:
1. Lead:
The first sentence of a hard-news story; a brief summary of the story’s main point
2. Inverted Pyramid:
The model used to describe how a news story is structured. It means the heaviest or most important news goes at the top of the story, and the lightest, or least important, goes at the bottom.
3. Copy:
The content of a news article
4. Beat:
Area assigned to a reporter for regular coverage, such as politicians, courts or banks, etc
5. Byline:
The name of a news story's author usually put at the start of the article.
The byline on a newspaper or magazine article gives the name, and often the position, of the writer of the article. Bylines are traditionally placed between the headline and the text of the article, although some magazines (notably Reader's Digest) place bylines at the bottom of the page, to leave more room for graphical elements around the headline.
A typical newspaper byline might read:
John Smith
Staff writer
A byline can also include a brief article summary, introducing the writer by name.
Penning a concise description of a long piece has never been as easy as often appears, as Staffwriter John Smith, now explains:
Magazine bylines, and bylines on opinion pieces, often include biographical information on their subjects. A typical biographical byline on a piece of creative nonfiction might read
John Smith is working on a book, My Time in Ibiza, based on this article. He is returning to the region this summer to gather material for a follow-up essay.
Most modern newspapers and magazines attribute their articles to individual editors, or to wire services. An exception is the British weekly The Economist, which publishes nearly all material anonymously.
6. Dateline:
The city or town, from which a news story originates, or the date of the news usually placed at the start of the story. A dateline is a brief piece of text included in news articles that describes where and when the story occurred, or was written or filed, though the date is often omitted. In the case of articles reprinted from wire services, the distributing organization is also included (though the originating one is not). Datelines are traditionally placed on the first line of the text of the article, before the first sentence. Datelines are not an extremely important component of any paper, but they are usually used if the news isn't local.
The location appears first, usually starting with the city in which the reporter has written or dispatched the report. City names are usually printed in uppercase, though this can vary from one publication to another. The political division and/or nation the city is in may follow, but they may be dropped if the city name is widely recognizable due to its size or political importance (a national capital, for instance). The date of the report comes after, followed by an em dash surrounded by spaces, and then the article.
A typical newspaper dateline might read
BEIRUT, Lebanon, June 2 — the outlook was uncertain today as...
The same story if pulled from the Associated Press (AP) wire might appear as
BEIRUT (AP) — the outlook was uncertain today as...
Datelines can take on some unusual forms. When reporters collaborate on a story, two different locations might be listed. In other cases, the exact location may be unknown or intentionally imprecise, such as when covering military operations while on a ship at sea or following an invasion force.
Other media
The concept of a dateline has been adapted to television. Reporters on news programs might have their location mentioned in an introduction from the news anchor ("Here now from Truth or Consequences, New Mexico, is reporter Nigel Obediah Culpepper"). A field reporter might also end their stories by combining the location from where they filed their report with a "lockout" (the last thing a reporter says in their report, includes their name and station ID) especially if the segment is recorded and not live. (For example, the last bit of a report could sound like "... prompting an investigation into the matter. Richard Hansen, NBC News, London.")
7. Source:
Anyone you interview for a news story
8. Anonymous Source:
A source who does not want to be identified in a news story
9. Attribute:
To tell readers where the information in a news story comes from
10. Morgue:
A newspaper’s library of clippings of old articles
If you read the above, you would find the text both amazing and confusing, because, we never used to look at the news taken apart. Sure, it needs tactics to write professionally, so that the readers get the main point of the news.

by Walt Whitman

A child said, What is the grass? fetching it to me with full hands;

How could I answer the child?. . . .I do not know what it is any more than he.

I guess it must be the flag of my disposition, out of hopeful green stuff woven.

Or I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord,

A scented gift and remembrancer designedly dropped,Bearing the owner's name someway in the corners, that we may see and remark, and say Whose?....

Warm Summer Sun

Warm Summer Sun
by Mark Twain


Warm summer sun,
Shine kindly here,
Warm southern wind,
Blow softly here.
Green sod above,
Lie light, lie light.
Good night, dear heart,
Good night, good night.

And You Thought You Were the Only One

And You Thought You Were the Only One
by Mark Bibbins


Someone waits at my door. Because he is
dead he has time but I have my secrets--

this is what separates us from the dead.
See, I could order take-out or climb down

the fire escape, so it's not as though he
is keeping me from anything I need.

While this may sound like something I made up,
it is not; I have forgotten how to

lie, despite all my capable teachers.
Lies are, in this way, I think, like music

and all is the same without them as with.
The fluid sky retains regret, then bursts.

He is still there, standing in the hall, insisting
he is someone I once knew and wanted,

come laden with gifts he cannot return.
If I open the door he'll flash and fade

like heat lightning behind a bank of clouds
one summer night at the edge of the world.

After the Dazzle of Day

After the Dazzle of Day

After the dazzle of day is gone

Only the dark night shows to my eyes the stars;

After the clangor of organ majestic or chorus or perfect band

Silent athwart my soul moves the symphony true.
WALT WHITMAN.

decide to give or to lose

It's good to feel alive by the way you give. It's bad to find your friends or those around you playing ignorant when it comes to share their knowledge with you. How generous one should be not to fear giving away all in his hand.
Does a man lose if he let others learn part of what he's privileged to learn in the past?
Is life a game of gain and not to lose?

a poem about Christmas or Spring?

Spring; thou art close to the gates of our field,
When we are preparing for the partying friends.
Christmas, we celebrate thee in our hearts,
Wintry December lightens in our green memories of the past

"me said this poem bro"

Madinnah, Spring 2008

How I miss Hajj

I used to take practical Muslims as radical people. Then I changed and put a difference between being a true believer in God and a radical man. Now there is metamorphosis even deeper than what I expected. Faith in God helps humanity survive, no matter how practical you are or in what religion you find it.

My journey to Medinna and Mecca, spring this year, gave me a pause. I didn't expect it! I don't know whether the reader of these words has experienced Hajj or not? But as I should explain my journey to Islam, I would rather say that I expected a castle of opulence and luxury. Much to my surprise the very first look at the four black walls of Kabba rid me of all the burden I had carried all 28 years of my life as a human. I was depressed at the first sight but freed at the end.
One could find the people turning around the house of God as one stream of mankind, wearing no luxurious outfits but a towel in white and walking in bare feet! We all were as one! One nation, one dream, one God! How I miss Hajj, and how I wish to go back to the Masjed-al-Nabi in Medinna and talk to God with my soul in Mecca!

his 28th birthday

"I came from very far, sitting lonely on the moon. Where are you? I'm missing you! I'm sitting on the moon."

Before his eyes, was the past with the lady.

"What a gloomy world if she doesn't come back on my birthday!" said the young man in his abandoned sleep time under the starless murky sky, promising him a repetitively plain dream if gone to sleep.

He was missing the lady and couldn't hide it; his complex bursting into trickles of tear wetting his old white shirt, after midnight.

The young man was still thinking of the future with an annoying question of whether she would think of him or not? Did she care to come back? At least for the sake of his birthday on the 8th of August!

But she was gone a long time ago!

He was humming a song into the ears of the wind "where are you? I'm sitting on the moon. Where are you? I'm missing you!"

Could the wind take his heavy heart to the lady? Would she come home when she heard those words from the wind?

It was early at dawn and the young man still humming in his last breath "Where are you? I'm missing you!"

by Tony Hamilton

Getting used to the new place, it seems that little by little, the new colleagues are accepting the new comer's company here at the dealing office of the bank.
My direct boss runs the office in a friendly way that gives me the feeling as if it's a place to stay and try to prove abilities.
Life is showing its better side but there is a long way to go before I get used to all the new things here I see in my new job.
I've always liked the change and never dangled anywhere for long.
Maybe this time I leave the plane of exodus for stay!
Have I reached the Promised Land here at this office?!
Time would say!

changed my office

It's been a week since they've changed my office after nearly two years in the Interpreters Group of the Foreign Department.
The new place is called Dealing Middle Office, a division of the same department. Here we sell and buy money from any bank ready to correspond with us.
To change requires patience. Hopely, I've enough of it to get used to the new place. Overly I should kind of forget about the college and MA! Cause' I've got no permission to leave the office!
Seems a bit confusing at the first look but I'd manage it.

the echo of the call for the Morning Prayer in Maddinah

It was easy to start a journey to the place that I heard so much about before. I walked into the heart of Islam with a long history of ups and downs.
We took off around 13:00 on Saturday April 05, 2008.
The first impression of the brown khaki sands of the deserts, covering all across the Saudi Arabia, fills you with the sense of loneliness and holiness. We were on an airbus of Saudi Airlines accompanied by more than 280 pilgrims. Most of those pilgrims were nice old people. Many of us were experiencing our first journey to Islam. Having been disturbed by the way Arab officers received us at the gates of the airport; we got to the hotel near the Masjed Al-Nabi.
Our room number was 802. At 22:00, Fateme and I walked up the street to the door 7 of the holy mosque and hang about the green dome, enjoying the pleasant weather of the mosque yard. It was our first night of stay in Saudi Arabia and the weather was kindly cool to let us feel it was home away from home.
The Morning Prayer was a miracle! Something strange, that I had never been through before. The pray was as different as the place was. The unity, the humbleness, the large crowd of Muslims from different countries was quite amazing! The call to prayer!
I will never forget the echo of the call for the Morning Prayer in Maddinah. I'm still living with that call....

a Journey to Islam

a Journey to Islam

Next Saturday (April 05, 2008), my wife (Fateme) and I would start a journey to Mecca and Medina as the two holiest cities of the Islamic nation.
There is a feeling inside that I can't explain!
I'm a little bit nervous about how to make it a success.
Anyway, we would be on the flight to the land, wherein lies the long history of one of the largest religions of humankind.
Dear reader, when I return, I will share with you my experience of such a religious journey.#

Islamic media and sustainable development

Now on I'd post more on media and journalism as my MA studies. I appreciate if you kindly share your comments on them...


Islamic media and sustainable development

By: Ehsan Abadikhah
ehsanabadikhah@gmail.com


Introduction
Sustainable development theory is part of international studies carried out after the Second World War and coincided with the establishment of the United Nations (1945). The UN named 1960s as the “decade of development” to encourage the then newly established countries and other nations to improve their socio-economic status. Gradually, the role of communication technologies became more important. The fulfillment of human needs while maintaining the quality of the social life made it urgent to be update about the changes. Economy should meet the needs of the present generation and oversee the future generations' potentials for their needs. Therefore, the role of new-tech communication systems in sustainable development remained as a challenge for all the nations, even in the 21st century.

Communication technologies boost the process of development. Existing competitive markets necessitate the knowledge that is in the hands of the developed countries with high-tech communication systems. In this article, we would briefly look at the role of Islamic mass communication systems in the prosperity of Muslim nations.

Sustainable development depends on the welfare as the corner stone of citizens’ willingness to participate in the plans of their governments. However, it does not focus only on economy. Relative policies encompass some general areas of economy, society and communication.

Economy
Economic and social challenges may create opportunities for development. Here we have an ambiguous concept, and a wide array of views to fall under. The concept includes sustainable and unsustainable development if we divide the developed and developing nations into northern and southern countries respectively.
Sustainability in economy is to continue to function properly without causing irreversible damage to the planet’s ecosystems. This may involve providing the current needs of society while ensuring the welfare of future generations. It should minimize poverty, save the ecosystems, increase the value of a currency and reduce inflation.

Some Islamic nations, mostly in the Middle East are naturally gifted with considerable crude oil resources, so we can take oil industry, as an example, to define Islamic nations’ share of natural resources; how they are limited to it and how it pushes them toward losing their opportunities of investing in other resources.
Such nations are suffering from lingering problems both economically and socially, though they are rich in natural resources and can spend as much as they extract the crude oil.The growth of GDP is necessary for sustainable development but it is not necessarily interpreted as the development itself.
The oil-oriented economy is different from the service-oriented one. The first one experiences higher risks while the latter carries on healthier. That is why oil production cannot compete with some international leading car manufacturers. Tourism is another good example of such potentials to create job opportunities, where private sector can play a major role in this area. So far, just a few Muslim countries have been active in this regard.

Society
If the growth process continues, in the long term we will see the development in many aspects of social life. In "unsustainable situations", the nature's resources are used up faster than it can be replenished. Therefore, it requires that people only use nature's resources in a way that be replaced naturally. Theoretically, it is impossible at the present speed of destruction. The long-term result would be the disappearing local environments that are no longer able to sustain human populations to any degree. Such degradation on a global scale could imply destruction for civilization.
New-tech communication
Both society and economy play parallel roles in the healthy growth and development of the country. Is there any need for persuading the nation to save the world? Who can take this heavy role? The answer is mass communication systems.
Let us look at the history of destruction and construction in the world. Invention of radio, before the Second World War, and television after that horrible period of history, influenced the world more than any other agents of communication did. The newly born media had the power to cultivate decisions of the owners. Nazism, for instance, exploited the communication instruments of 1930s to declare war against humanity. The emergence of green NGOs and other humanitarian communities, mostly on the cyber space, has gathered a huge power from around the world in favor of peace and human rights.

The mysterious media really frames the audiences' understanding of the place they live in. One can use the media for the sake of peace and prosperity of all the humanity or vise versa.
Muslim nations share the same Islamic rules and teachings about the economy. Media can work on this aspect and help the Islamic governments mobilize the nation to try for unity and prosperity of the entire Muslim nation in a greater scale.
The media can help through informing, agenda setting, priming and framing those visions of the Islamic governments for Muslim NGOs and communities.

Conclusion
Continuous economic growth is necessary to create sustainable development. If we reach this point, we would find the way to make dreams of social development come true.
Participating media educates a participating nation with democracy. Doing well in just one aspect of growth and leaving the rest untouched will not end in development; it just makes holes in the body of the economy. We should consider both growth and social development at the same time with the same pace. If governments pay no attention to welfare, education, health and happiness of their people and just concentrate on the growth, they will lose the human resources to carry out their plans.
We live in the age of information, and we are here to win or lose the opportunities. Those who invest in new-tech communications would control the market and conduct the business, but those who do not would get to anywhere.
If Muslim nations continue on a knowledge-based growth, attracting foreign investment, they can help their dreams come true. It also depends on a variety of factors, namely social, economic and political stability.
Finally, it is with the combination of all the three elements of society, economy and mass media that a prosperous and participative Muslim nation can live happily and save the natural resources for the next generation on the green planet earth.#

how to produce a phenomenon

According to real, exact knowledge, one force, or two forces, can never produce a phenomenon. The presence of a third force is necessary, for it is only with the help of a third force that the first two can produce what may be called a phenomenon, no matter in what sphere.

Gurdjieff (1873-1949)
Russian Adept, Teacher and Writer

The hasty holy snow

The hasty holy snow

Winter is here
Snow is falling
It is cold here
Love is calling

Christmas is blessed and saintly
My heart feels it wholly
It is as white as hasty
As I tread my way lonely